01 Identity and provenance
- Accepted binomial
- Cymbopogon winterianus
- Common names
- Citronella
- Family (APG IV)
- Poaceae
- Part used
- Leaf
- Verification tier
- Tier 2 · Verified Clinical columns reviewed and a source is on record.
- Reviewer note (2026 audit)
- Reference not supplied - claim unverified against primary literature.
02 Constituent chemistry
| Chemical class | Marker compound | Synthetic analogue in use |
|---|---|---|
| Citronellal | Citronellol, Geraniol
Leaf
|
N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide |
The analogue column is what makes the interaction reasoning tractable: where a constituent has a marketed structural counterpart, the counterpart's interaction profile is the starting hypothesis for the plant.
03 Stated application
- Reported activity
- Natural Insect Repellant
- Marketed in
- Sprays,Creams
- Reported adverse effects
- Skin irritation
04 Interaction matrix
Source column, verbatim: Anticoagulants
Normalised onto 1 canonical drug class below.
Curated from the reviewed source
| Drug class | Severity | Mechanism type | Provenance | Expected effect | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Anticoagulants (vitamin-K antagonists, DOACs)
Haemostasis
|
3Major | PD-additive + PK-CYP2C9 | curated B | INR destabilisation in either direction; ecchymosis, epistaxis, gum bleed… | why ▾ |
Class mechanism. Coumarin-, salicylate- and coumestan-bearing botanicals add to vitamin-K-antagonist effect; several also compete for CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, raising S-warfarin exposure. Botanicals rich in vitamin K1 act in the opposite direction and blunt anticoagulation.
| |||||
05 Hazard register
The audit recorded no hazard beyond the interaction profile. The controlled-vocabulary field reads not assessed, which means the assessment has not been done rather than that it came back clear.
06 Confusable material
These entries could be mistaken for this one in trade, in the herbarium, or in a prescription. Powdered material is often indistinguishable, so the check is macroscopic, microscopic and chromatographic rather than nominal.
| Cymbopogon citratus
Lemongrass |
Poaceae | Same genus (Cymbopogon) |
07 Mechanism map
Chemistry sorts to the left, pharmacology to the right. Dashed edges are predicted. Drag nodes, scroll to zoom, export at 3× for a figure.
08 Open literature
Abstract-scoped query built from this binomial, its common names and its marker compounds, run live against Europe PMC, PubMed and OpenAlex, then ranked locally against an evidence hierarchy.
09 Isomechanistic neighbours
Species whose interaction profile overlaps this one, ranked by shared severity weight rather than by count — a shared contraindication counts for more than a shared minor signal. Practical use: these are the plants you should not stack with this one, because the mechanisms summate.
| Species | Family | Shared classes | Weight | Jaccard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commiphora wightii
Guggul |
Burseraceae | 1 | 0.33 | |
| Cinnamomum verum
Cinnamon |
Lauraceae | 1 | 0.33 | |
| Foeniculum vulgare
Fennel |
Apiaceae | 1 | 0.33 | |
| Matricaria chamomilla
Chamomile |
Asteraceae | 1 | 0.33 | |
| Boswellia serrata
Salai Guggul |
Burseraceae | 1 | 1.00 | |
| Salvia miltiorrhiza
Danshen |
Lamiaceae | 1 | 0.50 |
10 References and notes
No citation is on record for this entry. That is itself the finding: the audit flagged it, and it is why the entry does not carry an A evidence grade.
Curator notes
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